China
Article
May 29, 2022
The People's Republic of China (Chinese: 中華人民共和國, Simplified Chinese: 中华人民共和國, Traditional: 中華人人共和國, Pinyin: Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Listen English: People's Republic of China) is a country located in East Asia, located in East Asia. to be. It is also called China for short (Chinese: 中國; pinyin: Zhōngguó [*]). The second civil war broke out in 1946 over the dominance of mainland China, and as a result, territory except for some areas, including Taiwan, was transferred to the Communist Party, and the establishment of the People's Republic of China was proclaimed in Beijing in 1949 with Mao Zedong as the first president. . It has the largest population of 1.41 billion people in the world. The capital is Beijing, and the largest city is Shanghai. Other major cities include Guangzhou, Nanjing, Xi'an, Fuzhou, Qingdao, and Chongqing. In modern China, the Xinhai Revolution in 1911 brought the collapse of the Qing Dynasty and the establishment of the Kuomintang government. After that, with the support of the Soviet Union, the Communist Party of China, founded around the anti-imperialist program of the May 4 Movement, rapidly increased its power after 1920, and continued to engage in civil wars with the national government. In 1949, the founding of the People's Republic of China was proclaimed in Beijing with Mao Zedong as the first president. The Communist Party of China, which was heavily influenced by the Soviet Union, launched a great leap forward movement with Mao Zedong and also carried out the Cultural Revolution to solidify the framework of a socialist state. However, the Great Leap Forward movement failed as it failed to lead to economic growth, and the Cultural Revolution left numerous national and cultural damages and civilian casualties. In the process, the Communist Party realized the limits of socialism. Afterwards, as the Soviet Union's influence decreased, reform and opening-up under Deng Xiaoping's leadership was implemented, a market economy system was introduced, and the capitalist economic system was adopted. Deng Xiaoping achieved rapid economic growth based on his vast territory and enormous population, advocating the theory of black and white, and pursued a policy of peaceful coexistence and expansion using the period of peace and peace as the diplomatic keynote. There is an evaluation that China and the United States are in the trap of Thucydides.